![]() Windows XP’s default speech synthesizer voice saying, “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog 1,234,567,890 times. Many computer operating systems have included speech synthesizers since the early 1980s. An intelligible text-to-speech program allows people with visual impairments or reading disabilities to listen to written works on a home computer. The quality of a speech synthesizer is judged by its similarity to the human voice, and by its ability to be understood. Alternatively, a synthesizer can incorporate a model of the vocal tract and other human voice characteristics to create a completely "synthetic" voice output. For specific usage domains, the storage of entire words or sentences allows for high-quality output. Systems differ in the size of the stored speech units a system that stores phones or diphones provides the largest output range, but may lack clarity. Synthesized speech can be created by concatenating pieces of recorded speech that are stored in a database. A text-to-speech (TTS) system converts normal language text into speech other systems render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or hardware. Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. For speech recognition, see speech-to-text.
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